<html><img src="images/KBH.jpg">

- Introduction:
  - Describe in your own words what each Part of the textbook promises to cover.
- Ch. 1
  - Define ‘hermeneutics’ in your own words.
  - Why is hermeneutics necessary?
  - Why is the issue of “one possible meaning of a text” a big issue?
  - How does the interpreter influence interpretation?
  - How can we get to the author’s meaning through the text?
  - What is referential meaning? Denotative meaning? Connotations? Contextual meaning?
  - Why is it “out of bounds to apply information known from the NT in interpreting an OT text?
  - Describe in your own words the two critical dimensions for valid approach to interpretation.
  - Why is distance of time a challenge to interpretation? Cultural distance? Geographical distance? Distance of language?
  - How do preunderstandings and presuppositions affect interpretation?
  - Should interpretation account for the “divine factor”?
  - What is the ultimate goal of hermeneutics?
  - Explain in your own words the three concluding reasons to practice proper hermeneutics.
  - hyperlink to practice quiz on ch. 1
- Ch. 2
  - Summarize the two reasons KBH give for studying the history of interpretation.
  - What are the three approaches of Jewish interpretation and what is the predominant characteristic of each?
  - Describe the allegorical method.
  - Describe the pesher method.
  - Describe the midrash method.
  - What is the fundamental hermeneutical principle of the Apostles?
  - Describe typological interpretation.
  - Describe literal-contextual interpretation.
  - Describe principle/application interpretation.
  - What are the three methods used by the Apostolic Fathers which have already been discussed in KBH?
  - Name and Describe the fourth method of interpretation used by the Apostolic Fathers.
  - What is the primary method of the Alexandrian School?
  - How did the fathers at Antioch (e.g. Theodore of Mopsuestia) differ from the Alexandrian approach?
  - What is the principle for deciding interpretation which the Church Councils used?
  - Describe Augustine's approach to interpretation.
  - What is the Vulgate? Who is responsible for it? And what impact did it have on interpretation?
  - Name and describe the four senses of Scripture seen in the Middle Ages. Which was predominant?
  - Who is the main spokesman for scholasticism?
  - Describe Luther’s two greatest contributions to Reformation interpretation.
  - According to Luther, what is the Holy Spirit’s role in interpretation?
  - Describe rationalism and its impact on interpretation.
  - Describe the presuppositions of the historical critical method.
  - What is form criticism?
  - What does it mean to demythologize the Bible?
  - What is redaction criticism?
  - Describe the New Hermeneutic.
  - hyperlink to practice quiz on ch.2
- Ch.3
  - What are the two areas of study that give rise to questioning of traditional grammatical-historical interpretation?
  - What is the attitude of KBH to these approaches?
  - Define ‘literary criticism’ in your own words.
  - Define ‘narrative criticism” in your own words.
  - Describe the benefits of narrative criticism.
  - What is the difference between the real author, implied author, and narrator?
  - What is the difference between the real reader, the implied reader and narratees?
  - Describe the dangers of narrative criticism.
  - Define ‘intentional fallacy. Define affective fallacy.
  - In poststructuralism, where does meaning reside?
  - Define ‘critical realism’ in your own words.
  - Define ‘reader-response criticism.
  - What is the difference between the conservative and radical reader-response criticisms?
  - What is the main weakness of radical reader-response criticism?
  - Define ‘deconstruction’.
  - Do KBH think deconstruction is a valid approach for one who believes in the inspiration and authority of Scripture?
  - Define ‘giant eclecticism or meta-criticism’ in your own words.
  - What are the two broad categories of social-scientific studies?
  - What is the relationship between social history study and researching the historical context of a text?
  - What are some examples of how an accurate understanding of the culture of Biblical times helps us to understand Scripture?
  - Describe what it means to apply social-scientific theories to Biblical texts.
  - Describe in your own words the five criteria KBH suggest with which to analyze the validity of an example of application of social-scientific theories.
  - What does it mean to be ‘reductionistic or deterministic’?
  - Describe liberation theology and liberation hermeneutics.
  - How is cultural criticism similar to liberation hermeneutics? How is it different?
  - Define ‘postcolonialism’.
  - How is cultural criticism related to the first rule of exegesis and its corrolary?
  - Describe the feminist views and assessments of Scriptural authority and validity.
  - What does KBH find objectionable about feminist approaches? What does KBH find helpful?
  - hyperlink to practice quiz on ch. 3
- Ch. 4
  - What does the word ‘canon’ mean?
  - Why is the discussion on canon important to hermeneutics?
  - What does ‘apocryphal’ mean? ‘deutero-canonical’?
  - What reasons do Protestants give for accepting only the 39 OT books?
  - Which of the three divisions of the Old Testament has been most controversial and lately accepted as canonical?
  - What is the general order of books in modern Hebrew Bibles?
  - Is there generally more agreement among Christians about the OT canon or about the NT canon?
  - Approximately when did the belief in the canonicity of the Gospels, Acts, Epistles and Revelation begin to emerge?
  - What is ‘the Apostolic Fathers’?
  - What part did Marcion play in the discussion of the NT canon?
  - What is the ‘Muratorian fragment’?
  - Which NT books were questioned as being canonical? Why?
  - What is the significance of Athanaius’ Easter letter?
  - What considerations influenced the order of the NT books?
  - What are the possible tests to determine (that may have been used to determine) the canonicity of OT books?
  - What are the three primary tests for canonicity of NT books?
  - What is ‘canonical criticism’ and what can it teach us?
  - Do KBH suggest that the canonical placement of books was inspired?
  - Describe in your own words the two factors KBH suggest for choosing among translations.
  - What is ‘textual criticism’?
  - Are chapter and verse references inspired? Punctuation? Hebrew vowels?
  - Give an example of a way a manuscript might be miscopied.
  - What is the significance of textual criticism for hermeneutics?
  - What approach does KBH suggest for Mk 16:9-20 and Jn 7:53-8:11?
  - According to KBH, what is the most important hermeneutical principle to learn from textual criticism?
  - Define ‘formal equivalent translation’ in your own words.
  - Define ‘dynamically (functionally) equivalent translation’ in your own words.
  - Define ‘paraphrase’ in your own words.
  - Why doesn’t KBH endorse the use of the KJV or NKJV versions?
  - According to KBH, the basic answer to “which translation is best?” depends on what?
  - What do KBH suggest for valid interpretation if you cannot read the biblical languages?
  - hyperlink to practice quiz on KBH ch. 4
- Ch. 5
  - What are the qualifications that KBH recommends for the interpreter?
  - What does KBH mean by ‘reasoned faith’?
  - According to KBH, if the Bible is God’s revelation to His people, then what is the essential qualification for a full understanding of the Bible?
  - What is the relationship between excellence in methodology and faith in interpretation?
  - How does the different possible responses to/explanations of miracles demonstrate the effects of faith presuppositions to the interpretation process?
  - What does it mean to ‘put oneself under the text”?
  - What is the relationship between the illumination of the Spirit and the techniques of exegesis?
  - Fill in: “For the Christian, _____________ is an indispensable ingredient for the proper understanding of Scripture.” What does KBH mean by this statement?
  - How does KBH suggest we counter the dangers of individualism?
  - Describe in your own words KBH’s ‘final qualification” of the interpreter.
  - How does KBH suggest we become competent readers of literature?
  - What does GIGO mean? What is the significance for interpretation?
  - Does KBH think we can completely discard all presuppositions and study the text objectively?
  - What are the two components for developing an approach to hermeneutics?
  - Define all the presuppositions about the nature of the Bible which KBH describes in your own words.
  - Describe what KBH means by “inspired revelation”.
  - Does the stance of KBH more closely resemble “inerrancy” or “infallibility”? Do you agree? Why or why not?
  - What is the implication of the Bible being a “Spiritual document”?
  - What are some things that illustrate the unity of the Bible?
  - How does treating the Bible as narrative illustrate the unity of the Bible?
  - What are some things that illustrate the diversity of the Bible?
  - Does KBH state that everything in the Bible is equally understandable? Why or why not?
  - Define all the presuppositions about methodology which KBH describes in your own words.
  - What is KBH’s stance toward historical methods of investigation?
  - What is the relationship between faith and history?
  - What is the ultimate goal of hermeneutics?
  - Define “preunderstandings” in your own words.
  - Describe Ferguson’s four categories of preunderstanding.
  - Does KBH see preunderstandings as ‘desireable assets’ or ‘dangerous culprits’? Why?
  - Summarize in your own words the paragraph that precedes the heading “A Philosophy of Interpretation as Preunderstanding” on KBH p. 158.
  - How do preunderstandings contribute to the results of liberation theology? Gay readings of the Bible? Process theology?
  - In a postmodern reading of the Bible, characterized by McKnight, what is the ultimate basis of authority for the meaning of the text?
  - What is KBH’s assessment of reader-oriented approaches?
  - What is the difference between “presuppositionalism” and “critical realism”?
  - How can a Christian evaluate, critique and correct our preunderstandings?
  - Define “hermeneutical spiral”. What does this term tell us about interpretation?
  - How does being created in the image of God safeguard our ability to understand the text?
  - hyperlink to pratice quiz on KBH ch. 5
- Ch. 6
  - When does KBH suggest that “communication succeeds”?
  - In your own words, describe the three potential aspects of meaning.
  - Describe the “common-sense approach to interpreting”.
  - What is “the issue we must decide”? What does KBH suggest is the answer? What are the implications of this answer?
  - What is the problem with the Reader-Response approach? With Morgan’s ‘development’ model?
  - What is the difference KBH suggest between ‘meaning’ and ‘significance and application’.
  - Describe in your own words, the five options about the possibility of ‘multiple meanings in a text’ (such as Matthew’s use of Hosea 11:1).
  - What is the problem that KBH finds with Kaiser’s view (option #1).
  - According to KBH, if an author intends multiple meanings, what is the only way we can know what they are?
  - What is the main problem that KBH finds with the third option?
  - Define ‘sensus plenior’ in your own words.
  - If sensus plenior exists, how can it be determined?
  - What is typology? How do NT writers use this concept in relating to the OT?
  - What is the ‘central objective of hermeneutics’ according to KBH?
  - What does KBH mean by “textual meaning”?
  - What are the strengths and weaknesses that KBH find in Reader-oriented interpretation?
  - How does KBH suggest we should determine if something is intended as historical or fictional?
  - You may skip the section between pages 192 and 201.
  - Describe in your own words Hirsch’s four tests for validity in interpretation.
  - How does KBH suggest we can (try to) overcome the effects of our own prejudice, sin etc. in interpretation?
  - What does KBH suggest we do when interpreters disagree? Describe the three criteria in your own words.
  - According to KBH, which interpretation has the most authority?
  - What is KBH’s point about determination and sincerity?
  - What is the final point that KBH makes about dealing with those whose interpretations differ?
  - hyperlink to practice quiz on KBH ch. 6
- Ch. 7
  - How do we know what the Biblical writers meant by the words they used?
  - The process of arriving at an accurate interpretation of written texts involves an understanding of which five essential items?
  - Restate the “basic principle of biblical hermeneutics” under literary context in your own words.
  - Define “flow of thought”.
  - How does context help determine the meaning of words?
  - Why do KBH warn against “proof texting”? How can we protect from this danger?
  - Restate the three important principles of hermeneutics relating to context in your own words.
  - The investigation of the immediate context focuses on what two things?
  - What are the structural relationships that writers use to organize their material?
  - Describe the three types of information about a book that are significant for proper understanding of any passage in the book.
  - What caution does KBH give over parallel passages between the OT and NT?
  - What is the important principle of hermeneutics regarding historical-cultural background?
  - What are the three reasons why historical-cultural context is important?
  - What does it mean for an astute interpreter to live in two worlds?
  - What is the first principle to taking account of the historical-cultural background?
  - What is the second principle to taking account of the historical-cultural background?
  - What is the third principle to taking account of the historical-cultural background?
  - What is the perennial danger of connecting the Biblical truth with contemporary culture? How can we guard against this danger?
  - What is the final (negative) principle to taking account of the historical-cultural background?
  - What are the two studies for exploring the Biblical setting?
  - What are the two principles on page 240 to determine the correct (most valid) interpretation?
  - What are the principles for determining word meaning?
  - Describe the three steps to doing word studies.
  - What is the “supreme arbitrator” for selecting the most probable word meaning?
  - Define “morphology”
  - Define “syntax”
  - What is the benefit of studying grammatical relationships?
  - Describe each of the steps to discover structural relationships?
  - What are the techniques to discover the flow of thought?
  - What are the things to look for in studying verbs?
  - What are the things to look for in studying connectives?
  - What are the things to look for in studying adjectives and adverbs?
  - What are the things to look for in studying pronouns?
  - hyperlink to practice quiz on KBH ch. 7
- Ch. 8
  - What is KBH’s definition of poetry?
  - To what do the poets words primarily appeal?
  - How is poetic language different from poetry?
  - How does Hebrew poetry differ from English poetry in its uses of sound?
  - Define “assonance”
  - Define “alliteration”
  - Describe word play “paronomasia” in your own words.
  - Define “onomatopoeia”
  - Describe parallelism in your own words.
  - What does KBH suggest is typically the relationship between two parallel lines?
  - What is the “double logic of parallelism”?
  - Notice the types of phenomena described with the lettering system (but don’t feel constrained to learn and follow KBH’s system of lettering).
  - What are the two extremes in the continuum of relationship between parallel lines.
  - What are the three ‘factors’ by which parallel lines interrelate?
  - Describe the three categories of parallelism in your own words.
  - What are the subcategories of A>B parallelism?
  - What are the subcategories of A<B parallelism?
  - What is ‘stairstep parallelism’?
  - Explain “Chiasm” in your own words.
  - Define “merismus”.
  - Define “inclusion”.
  - According to the quote by Ryken, what is the most crucial ability for a reader of Biblical poetry?
  - What is a ‘simile’?
  - What is a ‘metaphor’?
  - What is the difference between a simile and a metaphor?
  - Define “anthropomorphism”.
  - What does it mean to overinterpret a simile or metaphor? What does KBH suggest is the best guard against overinterpretation?
  - Define “personification”.
  - Define “apostrophe”.
  - Define “hyperbole”.
  - Define “metonymy”.
  - Define “synecdoche”
  - Describe the purpose/effect of using irony.
  - Summarize KBH’s three steps for interpreting poetic language in your own words.
  - What does KBH mean by “figurative meaning”?
  - What are the key indicators of a poem’s sense units?
  - Using KBH as a guide, write your own procedure for discovering and describing a poem’s structure.
  - hyperlink to practice quiz on KBH ch. 8
- Ch. 9
  - NOTE- There are a lot of technical terms and descriptions in this chapter. My advice is to not try to memorize all of the names and characteristics of all the sub-genres (many of the names are not standardized and other scholars will give them other names). Rather, you should use this chapter to familiarize yourself with the possible ways that the OT communicates (i.e. possible patterns and organizations) and then come back to this chapter as a reference when you are working on a specific passage. Having said that, please try to be familiar with the large categories and their general characteristics. Pay special attention to the principles KBH recommend for interpreting each genre.
  - Why is it important to understand genres and literary tools?
  - What is “literary competence”?
  - What does KBH state is the threefold purpose of this chapter?
  - According to KBH, are OT narratives historical? Are they the same as history?
  - Describe a “report” in your own words.
  - What are the subcategories of “reports”?
  - What are the principles KBH recommends for interpreting reports?
  - Describe the nature of a “heroic narrative” in your own words.
  - What are the subcategories of epics?
  - What are the principles KBH recommends for interpreting heroic narratives and prophet stories?
  - Describe the genre “comedy”. How should you interpret a comedy?
  - What is the nature and interpretive strategies of a farewell speech?
  - Briefly summarize the nature of each of the embedded genres.
  - What are the principles KBH recommends for interpreting embedded genres?
  - What is “casuistic law”?
  - What is “apodictic law”?
  - How are the two different?
  - According to KBH, what was the purpose of OT laws?
  - Is the law a temporary, dispensable cultural phenomenon? If not, what is it?
  - What is the hermeneutical principle for applying the OT that KBH finds in Mt. 5:17?
  - Describe how KBH suggests OT law relates to Christians in light of the NT.
  - What are the principles KBH recommends for interpreting law?
  - How is Deuteronomy different from the rest of the law genres?
  - What is the most common genre of prayer in the Psalms? What is its nature and subgenres?
  - Define “thanksgiving song”.
  - Define “hymn”.
  - What is a “liturgy”? How was it used in Israelite worship?
  - How are wisdom psalms different from most other types of Psalms?
  - What are the principles KBH recommends for interpreting poetic genres?
  - “To understand the prophets will require us…to determine _____they say, _____they say it, and ______they say it in that way.”
  - What is the most common genre among the prophets?
  - What is the “important thing” to determine in a prophecy of disaster?
  - What is the positive counterpart to the prophecy of disaster?
  - What is a “woe speech”
  - Describe a “Prophetic disputation”.
  - Describe a “Prophetic lawsuit”.
  - What is the twofold purpose of a prophecy against foreign nations?
  - What are the three subgenres of prophetic vision reports?
  - What are the two types of prophetic narratives?
  - What are the difficulties in reading the prophets?
  - Define “forthtelling”.
  - Summarize the four principles for understanding prophetic forthtelling in your own words.
  - What are the two cautions that KBH gives for interpreting prophetic forthtelling?
  - What is the simple answer that KBH gives to the problem of “foretelling” prophecies that apparently go beyond the OT period?
  - Describe the five “general characteristics of biblical prophecy” in your own words.
  - What are the ways in which Biblical prophecy may find fulfillment?
  - What is the “important implication” that KBH draws from the idea that God is free in the way He fulfills prophecy? (p. 380-1)
  - What are the principles KBH recommends for interpreting prophecy?
  - What is apocalyptic? How is it different from prophecy?
  - What are the principles KBH recommends for interpreting apocalyptic?
  - What is the primary purpose of apocalyptic?
  - Define “proverb”.
  - Do proverbs teach “absolute truth”? Why or why not?
  - What are the principles KBH recommends for interpreting proverbs?
  - What are the principles KBH recommends for interpreting instruction?
  - What are the principles KBH recommends for interpreting example story and reflection?
  - What are the principles KBH recommends for interpreting the Book of Job?
  - hyperlink to Practice Quiz on KBH ch. 9
- Ch. 10
  - What are the four major genres of the New Testament?
  - What does the Greek word euangelion mean?
  - What does KBH suggest is the best name for the genre of the Gospels? What is the reason behind that title?
  - What does it mean to read the Gospels horizontally?
  - What does it mean to read the Gospels vertically?
  - What is redaction criticism?
  - What are the two theological issues that KBH suggests we must understand to correctly interpret the Gospels? Describe each in your own words.
  - What are the three most prevalent forms in the Gospels? Describe each in your own words.
  - What is the point that KBH makes about the unrealistic portions of parables?
  - What function do the miracle stories perform in the Gospels?
  - What is the term that KBH suggests ‘best characterizes Acts’?
  - What does thinking vertically entail in the book of Acts?
  - How does Acts ch. 2 serve as a framework with which to understand the rest of Acts and the New Testament?
  - How do narratives teach?
  - Describe the common kerygma in your own words.
  - In your own words describe the “one further general hermeneutical consideration at the bottom of p. 427.
  - What is the benefit of comparing NT epistles with other Greco-Roman letters of antiquity?
  - How can an understanding of ancient rhetoric help our understanding of NT epistles?
  - What is a ‘creed or hymn’?
  - What is a ‘domestic code’?
  - What is a ‘slogan’?
  - What is a ‘vice list’ or ‘virtue list’?
  - What three genres are represented in Revelation?
  - How does recognizing Revelation as an epistle help our interpretation?
  - What is the basic hermeneutical rule that KBH stresses to protect us from faulty interpretations? (p. 442)
  - What do KBH say about the literalness of the prophetic predictions in Revelation?
  - Describe the characteristics of apocalypse.
  - What is one of the primary purposes of apocalypse that KBH mentions?
  - What guidelines do KBH give to help interpret images in Revelation?
  - What is “the most crucial axiom” that KBH recommends for interpreting Revelation?
  - hyperlink to Practice Quiz on KBH ch. 10
- Ch. 11
  - What does it mean that “hermeneutics is not an end in itself”?
  - How is the Bible helpful/necessary to gain information and understanding?
  - What is “special revelation”?
  - How is the Bible helpful/necessary to worship?
  - According to KBH, what is worship?
  - How does the Bible apply to personal worship? Corporate worship?
  - How is the Bible helpful/necessary to create liturgy?
  - Describe KBH’s point about ‘magic charms’ in your own words.
  - How is the Bible helpful/necessary to formulate theology?
  - Define ‘Biblical Theology’. Define ‘Systematic Theology’. What is the difference between the two?
  - How are Biblical and Systematic theology related to the Bible’s unity and diversity?
  - In your own words, describe each of KBH’s six points on how the Bible informs theology.
  - How is the Bible helpful/necessary to preach?
  - “Any claim to biblical preaching must rest on ___________________.”
  - According to KBH, how preachers be “true to their calling”?
  - According to KBH, what “constitutes a reprehensible abuse of both the preaching office and the Bible”?
  - How is the Bible helpful/necessary to teach?
  - According to KBH, what poses the greatest challenge to biblical Christianity?
  - According to KBH, what is necessary beyond orthodoxy? Why? How does it look?
  - How is the Bible helpful/necessary to provide pastoral care?
  - Describe the possible abuses in pastoral care that KBH warns against.
  - How is the Bible helpful/necessary for spiritual formation in the Christian life?
  - What is the first approach/principle that KBH suggest to form the inner being of the believer?
  - What is the second approach? Describe its four stages in your own words.
  - What is the complement to spiritual formation?
  - According to KBH, what do we need if we desire to please God and do His will?
  - How is the Bible helpful/necessary for aesthetic enjoyment?
  - According to KBH, what must we do if the Bible is to retain its integrity and potency as God’s communication to his people?
  - hyperlink to Practice Quiz on KBH ch. 11
- Ch. 12
  - What is the difference between ‘meaning’ and ‘significance’?
  - What are the two reasons KBH gives that application of the Scriptures is important?
  - Describe the implications of KBH’s “important theological conviction” on p. 479.
  - In your own words, describe each of the thee mistakes in application and suggest a strategy to avoid each mistake.
  - Describe each of KBH’s four steps of application in your own words.
  - What kind of questions does KBH suggest you should ask to determine the original application?
  - What does it mean for a Biblical statement to be “culture-bound”?
  - What is the difference between the “form” and “principle” of a Biblical statement?
  - In your own words, describe each of the ten principles to evaluate the level of specificity of the Original applications.
  - What is KBH’s view of the practice of saying “this is what this passage means to me”?
  - What does KBH mean by “creation ordinance”?
  - What is a “redemptive movement hermeneutic”?
  - Describe the heart of Webb’s argument (re: redemptive movement hermeneutic).
  - What is KBH’s evaluation of Webb’s approach?
  - What does KBH suggest we need to do if we “discern such a [broad, cross-cultural] principle”?
  - What does it mean for application to have level’s of authority? How does KBH suggest we determine the level of authority of an application?
  - How does Paul example regarding circumcision in Gal. 2 and Acts 16 help us with cross-cultural contextualization?
  - How does Doriani’s work help us with application?
  - What does KBH mean by “exegete culture”? How do they suggest we do so? Why?
  - In your own words, describe the 14 principles regarding the Holy Spirit’s role in interpretation.
  - hyperlink to Practice Quiz on KBH ch. 12